Background: Congenital malformations of the uterus vary in frequency according to studies throughout the world. They may be discovered antenatally, at birth or during childhood. Some remain unrecognised and are discovered later by chance during radiological investigations or surgery. We report two cases of uterine malformations, one case of a unicervical bicornuate uterus and one case of a unicornuate uterus discovered incidentally during emergency caesarean sections.

Cases presentation
Case 1: An 18-year-old pregnant woman, housewife, primigravida consulted the obstetrics and gynaecology department of the Bogodogo University Hospital for abdomino-pelvic pain with uterine contractions in a full-term pregnancy. On clinical examination, an emergency caesarean section was indicated for a breech fetus in a primigravida. Intraoperative exploration revealed a unicervical bicornuate uterus. The right hemi-uterus was gravid with a well-formed lower segment. The second, on the left, was only slightly enlarged, comparable to a pregnancy of around 07 weeks.
Case 2: A 29-year-old pregnant woman, housewife, 4th gesture and 2nd pare was referred to us for premature rupture of membranes in a scarred uterus. A caesarean section was indicated for the same diagnosis. Intraoperatively we found a uterus with a single uterine horn and a healthy-looking right homolateral ovary and fallopian tube.

Conclusion: Congenital malformations of the uterus are relatively common. Many of these anomalies remain unrecognised because they are often silent. Pregnancies with a malformed uterus can sometimes progress asymptomatically to term, but the risk of caesarean section is even higher than in the general population because of the high risk of abnormal presentation.

uterine malformation, caesarian section