Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Responsible for Human Infections at the Dedougou Regional Hospital Center (RHC), Burkina Faso

---

Résumé

Infections caused by bacteria that are increasingly resistant to antibiotics are a
major global public health problem. This prospective study aimed to assess the
prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria strains isolated from clinical sam
ples collected at the Dedougou Regional Hospital Center (RHC). Bacteria were
identified using conventional microbiology methods and then confirmed by
mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was car
ried out using the disk diffusion method on agar according to the recommen
dations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Microbiology Society.
Of all the samples collected, 31.67% (95/300) of the cultures were positive. The
analyses revealed that 56.84% (54/95) of urine samples, 25.26% (24/95) of pus
samples, 13.68% (13/95) of vaginal samples, and 4.21% (4/95) of stools col
lected were positive. Identification of bacterial species shows that 58.95% (56/95)
were Enterobacteriaceae (comprising 35.79% (34/95) Escherichia coli and
10.53% (10/95) Klebsiella sp.), 34.74% (33/95) cocci (comprising 30.53% (29/95)
Staphylococcus sp.) and 6.31% (6/95) non-fermentative bacteria (4.21% (4/95)
Acinetobacter baumannii and 2.11% (2/95) Pseudomonas aeruginosa). This
study revealed a 55.79% (53/95) prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria (19.64% (11/56) of ESBL among Enterobacteriaceae and 31.03% (9/29) MRSA
among Staphylococcus sp.) with high resistance rates to beta-lactams and
quinolones. Given these results, AMR surveillance needs to be stepped up.
Public health efforts should focus on educating the population and healthcare
professionals and promoting the correct and limited use of antibiotics to coun
teract the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Mots-clés

Prevalence, Multidrug Resistant Bacteria, Human Infections, RHC Dedougou