Strengthening Arboviral Epidemic Response Through Entomological Surveillance: Insights from Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Abstract
Arboviral diseases are emerging public health challenges in Burkina Faso, largely driven by
the proliferation of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in the environment. Effective surveillance of
arbovirus circulation is critical to inform interventions. From August 2022 to June 2023, we
implemented a comprehensive entomological surveillance platform in five sectors of BoboDioulasso. Surveillance methods included oviposition traps to collect eggs, larval surveys
in some concessions per sector conducted bimonthly, and adult mosquito collections using
BG-Sentinel traps and Prokopack aspirators. Mosquito samples colonized by Ae. aegypti
were identified morphologically, confirmed by conventional PCR, and screened by RTPCR for dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV), yellow fever (YFV), and Zika (ZIKV)
viruses. Molecular analysis detected dengue virus and yellow fever virus in mosquito
pools from sector 22 and chikungunya virus in sectors 9 and 26; no Zika virus was found.
This study demonstrates the successful establishment of an integrated entomological
surveillance platform capable of capturing the spatial and temporal dynamics of arboviral
vectors and virus circulation in Bobo-Dioulasso. The identification of active dengue and
chikungunya transmission underlines the urgent need for sustained vector monitoring and
targeted control strategies. Our approach provides a scalable model for arboviral disease
surveillance and epidemic preparedness in West African urban settings.

Mots-clés

dengue; chikungunya; yellow fever; virus; detection; real-time PCR; mosquito; Bobo-Dioulasso