Nutritional potential of Saba senegalensis fruits seeds and hulls from Burkina Faso: a source of essential nutrients

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Résumé

Pulp Saba senegalensis fruit is highly consumed and appreciated in many tropical African countries for
its fruit. However, their by-products, such as the seeds and hulls, are very often discarded once the pulp
has been consumed, except for certain rural populations who use them as acidifier or sweetener certain
traditional foods. The aim of this study was to valorize Saba senegalensis fruit by-products by assessing
their potential nutritional values. For this purpose, fruits ecotypes from 10 localities (Sinyana, Dakira,
Tadoteon, Tienkouera, Ouahabou, Bagala, Fili, Pinyiri, Sambsen and Tanguen) in 5 different regions
of Burkina Faso were harvested to collect hulls and seeds. Physicochemical and phytochemical
parameters were analyzed using standard analytical methods. Results showed that seed samples from
Tadoteon, Pinyiri and Ouahabou and hulls samples from Sinyana, Tienkouera and Ouahabou were
rich in lipids, proteins and sugars. Analysis of ashes derived from fruits hulls and seeds from Tanguen,
Sambsen and Tienkouera revealed high levels of elements such as Mg, Ca, Na and Zn. The seeds from
the area of Sinyana were very rich in phenolic compounds (955.63 ± 8.07 mg EAG/100 g), tannins
(66.06 ± 0.20 mg EAT/100 g) and vitamin C (1.19 ± 0.02 g/100 g). The hulls are from Tienkouera were
rich in phenolic compounds (964.73 ± 32.37 mg EAG/100 g), tannins (1032.32 ± 6.65 mg EAT/100 g),
flavonoids (207.29 ± 13.5 mg EQ/100 g), lycopene (1.45 ± 0.04 mg/100 g) and displayed antioxidant
activities. Analysis of variance showed significant differences from one locality to another. In view of
these results, the seeds and hulls of the S. senegalensis fruit constitute a good source of nutritional and
bioactive compounds with potential use as food or feed.

Mots-clés

Hull, Seed, Area, Nutrients, Locality, Human