Factors Associated with Death in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis at Tengandogo University Hospital Center

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Résumé

Introduction: Liver cirrhosis is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan
Africa, where it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and associated with
high mortality. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with death
in patients with liver cirrhosis at the Tengandogo University Hospital (CHUT).

Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted over a period of ten and a half years at CHUT in Ouagadougou. We collected the medical records of patients with liver cirrhosis. Sociodemographic and diagnostic data were collected. A univariate and then a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with death. Authorization from the general management of CHUT was obtained, and patient confidentiality was maintained.

Results: The hospital mortality rate was 38.5% (79/205). The majority of patients were male (76.1%) and viral hepatitis B was the main etiology (59.4%). The majority of patients were classified as Child-Pugh B or C (92.2%). The most common complications were ascites (78.5%), cancer (48.3%), hepatic encephalopathy (21.5%), and associated infections (15.1%). In multivariate analysis, hepatic encephalopathy, infections, and the presence of cancer were independently associated with death, while age, sex, etiology, and Child-Pugh score were not independent predictive factors.

Conclusion: Mortality among hospitalized cirrhotic patients remains high and is mainly related to cirrhosis-related complications, reflecting late diagnosis. Strengthening HBV screening, early follow-up of patients, and optimal management of complications are essential to improve prognosis.

Mots-clés

Hepatic Cirrhosis, Mortality, Ascites, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Burkina Faso