Abstract: Porcelain is a ceramic product formulated from a typical triaxial mixture: plastic material; fluxes; and
degreaser. It is a very compact product, vitrified throughout. This paper described all the significant characteristics, and
raw materials of porcelain and enumerated its fields of application in the world. Porcelain is mainly composed of silica,
alumina, and alkaline and alkaline-earth oxides which come directly from these raw materials. The typical mineralogical
composition of porcelain is a glassy phase, mullite, residual quartz, and only rarely cristobalite. Linear shrinkage (≤15 %)
water absorption (< 0.5 wt%), apparent density (>2.3 g. cm−3
), flexural strength (>35 MPa), mineralogy, and
microstructure properties of porcelain depend on chemical composition, granulometry, and thermal treatment of raw
materials. It is used extensively in tableware, sanitaryware, decorative ware, electrical insulators, and dental prosthetics.

applications, characteristics properties, kaolin and porcelain