Background Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of Dengue fever in Burkina Faso, breeds in a variety of domestic and peri-domestic water holding containers. The influence of these water containers on the mosquitoes’ ability to survive exposure to chemical insecticides remains unclear. This study investigated the insecticide susceptibility profile of Aedes aegypti in relation to larval habitat types in three districts of Ouagadougou. Methods Adult females reared from larvae collected in “domestic containers” and “car tires” were exposed separately to papers impregnated with deltamethrin, pirimiphos-methyl, and bendiocarb to determine their susceptibility profiles. A subsample of mosquitoes per locality and container type was screened for the F1534C, V1016I and V410L kdr mutations involved in pyrethroid resistance. Results Mosquito population from the three localities showed high resistan...

La stabilité et la légitimité de l’exercice du régime démocratique se fondent sur une large participation de toutes les parties prenantes ou composantes de la société à savoir : les populations à la base, la presses, les religieux, la société civiles etc. En fait, pour que la démocratie conserve sa capacité d'autodéfense, il faut que la majorité des citoyens souhaite vivre sous un tel régime, respecte les règles démocratiques et ait confiance en ses institutions et ses responsables. Tout cela parce que la modernité a des effets très profondes sur les institutions et la vie sociale quotidienne. Par exemple, un de ces effets parmi tant d’autres, est l’élévation du niveau de compétences des citoyens ordinaires dans les sociétés contemporaines, leur aptitude à remettre en cause les formes traditionnelles d’expertise et à produire eux-mêmes des connaissances originales et utiles à l’action...

Background Vector control strategies have predominantly relied on the use of synthetic chemicals, leading to the widespread of resistance among malaria vector populations. This growing resistance has prompted increased interest in alternative control methods, particularly those based on plant-derived essential oils (EOs). The present study investigates the insecticidal efficacy of five essential oils against field populations of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato from Burkina Faso. The objective was also to assess the current distribution and frequency of resistance-conferring mutations within these mosquito populations. Methods Essential oils were extracted from Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Lippia multiflora, and Ocimum americanum plants by hydrodistillation, and their chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectro...

Chilo zacconius is one of the main rice stem borers in Burkina Faso. A study was conducted on its biology under controlled conditions of 25.46 ±1 °C temperature, 75.94 ±4% relative humidity, and a 12-hour photoperiod. To do this, immature populations of the insect were sampled in rice fields at Bama, western Burkina Faso for mass rearing of the insect pest in the lab. Tavakilian food substrate was used to feed C. zacconius larvae till chrysalid stage, while adults were fed with sugar water. Results showed that the insect had an average life cycle of 65.57±3.12 days, with egg incubation averaging 5.44±0.14 days. The larval phase was the longest one in the insect’s cycle, with an average duration of 48.71±2.46 days, and comprised 7 larval instars. The average lifespan of pupae was 8.1±0.33 days. Average fecundity ranged from 80 to 309 eggs. The average fertility of the insect was 34±6...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Health literacy refers to the ability of individuals to obtain, understand, and use health information. The objective of our study was to assess the literacy level of students at Joseph KI-ZERBO University in 2024. METHODS AND MATERIAL: It was a cross-sectional study with analytical purpose carried out from January 15 to June 15, 2024, among students of the University Joseph KI-ZERBO (Ouagadougou) in 2024. A stratified two-stage sampling was carried out, proportionally distributing the participants according to the number of each UFR/Institute, which served as main strata. The sample was determined according to their relative weight in the total population. Cluster analysis was performed using a hierarchical classification to assess student health literacy. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 53.76% men, mostly aged 21 to 25 (60.09%), and single (...

Annona senegalensis Pers. is a wild edible shrub species with high nutritional value. However, the species is poorly promoted across sub-Saharan Africa due to the lack of information about its productivity. This study aimed to: (i) identify the driving factors of the species’ fruit biomass and (ii) develop allometric models for estimating its fruit biomass. Data on fruit biomass were collected from 212 shrub individuals distributed across the Sudano-Sahelian and Sudanian climate zones of Burkina Faso. For each climate zone, 75% of the data were used for fitting allometric models, and 25% were used for model validation. The best predicting models were selected based on the coefficient of determination (R2) Akaike information criterion (AIC), and prediction error. Results revealed that the climate zone has a significant effect on the fruit biomass of A. senegalensis (p< 0.001). The highest...

This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical, microbiological and nutritional quality of silage from three improved sorghum varieties (Sariaso 14, Sariaso 15 and Sariaso 16) used in livestock farming systems in Burkina Faso. The sorghum stover were harvested after the grain harvest and ensiled with four treatments: without additives, with molasses, with salt, and with molasses + salt for 120 days. After 120 days, the fermentation parameters differed according to the varieties and additives. The pH of the silages ranged from 3.71 to 4.64, with the lowest values observed in Sariaso 16 ensiled with salt. The highest titratable acidity (18.36 g/kg DM) was obtained in the molasses + salt treatments, indicating more intense fermentation. From a microbiological perspective, the aerobic bacteria loads were lowest in molasses + salt silage (3.41×10⁶ CFU/g DM) compared to the control (1×10⁷ CF...

The Republic of Guinea, like other intertropical countries, receives significant levels of global solar irradiance. However, accurate quantification of local solar energy potential is essential for its optimal utilization. In this study, the solar energy potential of the City of Mamou (Republic of Guinea) was assessed using three methods for acquiring global solar irradiance: In-situ measurements using a solarimeter (VICI Ix-107) and a pyranometer (BGT-HJX-TF), an empirical mathematical model, and satellite-based data obtained from the NASA POWER platform. The results indicated that the empirical model substantially overestimated global solar irradiance and failed to adequately capture seasonal variations. In contrast, the in-situ measurements obtained with the pyranometer showed a strong correlation with the NASA POWER data (R = 0.97). The linear regression model established between the...

The large cities and capitals of developing countries are becoming larger and more populated. These cities are modernizing day by day in order to increase the standard of living of their constantly growing population. To do this, they are equipping themselves with the latest generation of intelligent infrastructures that can make a city very autonomous. Information and communication technologies (ICT) and information technology infrastructure (ITI) are at the heart of these new autonomous cities, enabling highly integrated services and real-time city monitoring through a network of sensors, wireless devices, cameras and unified portals connected to massive data centers. The populations of these cities in developing countries are mostly poorly educated and often need help and assistance to be able to live properly in a smart city. The solution we propose is a recommendation system that wi...

Eggplants Solanum aethiopicum L. and Solanum macrocarpon L. are packed with essential nutrient constituents necessary for nutritional balance and health maintenance. However, Fusarium infections characterized by leaf yellowing and necrosis, plant wilting and desiccation, as well as fruit rot represent a major constraint to production. This study aims to characterize Fusarium isolates from diseased eggplant plants. This would allow better management of African eggplant production, maintain crop quality, significantly reduce yield losses and above all contribute to ensuring food security. The virulence of 28 Fusarium isolates was assessed by seed inoculation from four S. aethiopicum genotypes and four S. macrocarpon genotypes. Two highly virulent isolates were identified based on the characteristics of mycelium on PDA culture medium, conidia under the microscope and sequences from the IT...