Depuis l’époque coloniale, les politiques de développement ont favorisé le développement de puissants courants migratoires, internes et internationaux, qui se sont maintenus voire amplifiés après les indépendances. Développées en dehors de toute intervention directe des États, ces migrations se sont progressivement structurées autour de l’institution du tutorat qui a permis la structuration des réseaux reliant les zones de départ aux zones d’arrivée d’une part, et, d’autre part, l’insertion socioéconomique du migrant dans les zones de destination. Le foncier a été ainsi utilisé par les autochtones comme un instrument d’insertion des migrants tout en gardant le contrôle politique de leur « pays ». Cependant avec les évolutions, parfois radicales, des contextes socioéconomiques ainsi que le renouvellement des générations, la place et la représentation de terre ont évolué et autorisé sa mar...

Accurate geolocation for low-power wide-area (LPWAN) devices is desirable when GNSS is unavailable or too energy-expensive, yet RSSI-/TDoA-based approaches are often fragile under channel variability, collisions and cross-device heterogeneity. We address this gap with a reproducible, tabular pipeline that maps LoRa RSSI/SNR/ToA and PHY metadata to 2D positions, compares strong tabular baselines (k-NN, Random Forest, LightGBM, XGBoost), and crucially evaluates them under group-aware (device-wise) splits to avoid identity leakage. On an ns-3-generated LoRa dataset of about 3.3 × 104 labeled receptions, Random Forest attains the tightest distribution with p50 ≈ 0 m and p95 < 1 m, whereas k-NN, despite a low median, exhibits a much heavier tail (p95 ≈ 187 m), underscoring the need to report both central and tail metrics. These results indicate that simple, edge-feasible models can perform...

We present here a fractional model in the sense of Caputo of a vector-borne disease with insecticide resistance genes. This study is important because it contributes to our understanding of vector-borne disease transmission dynamics using the notion of dif- ferential operators. The use of fractional derivatives in the model provides a memory efect and long-term dynamics often observed in infectious diseases. An epidemic must be able to decline slowly because of the memory of previous contacts. A detailed proof for the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the model is presented. The basic reproduction number R0 is derived, and a stability analysis of the equilibrium points is established. Numerical simulations are provided to prove the usefulness of the theoretical results. We simulated each model compartment at various fractional orders and compared them with integer-order simulat...

Passkeys are a passwordless authentication method that is increasingly being adopted. Based on asymmetric cryptography, they offer a secure and promising alternative to traditional passwords. In this paper, we propose a new secure approach for passkey synchronization based on a Peer-to-Peer mechanism between devices. Our secure services integrates biometric authentication via fingerprint or facial recognition, Wi-Fi Direct and QR codes. Also our secure approach use Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman algorithm for secure key exchange and Zero-Knowledge Proofs for mutual authentication in passkey system. This approach ensures the confidentiality and integrity of passkeys while eliminating reliance on central servers and strengthening protection against Man-in-the-Middle attacks and identity spoofing.

The increasing resistance of mosquito vectors to synthetic insecticides poses a major challenge to vector control and global public health, underscoring the urgent need for sustainable, environmentally safe alternatives. This study evaluated the larvicidal activity of aqueous, ethanolic, methanolic, and hydroethanolic extracts of Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T.Aiton leaves against Aedes aegypti larvae. Significant variations in activity were observed across extraction solvent, ecological zone, and harvest season, with hydroethanolic extracts—particularly those collected in Kombissiri during the dry season—exhibiting the lowest LC50 values among the tested extracts (LC50 < 1600 ppm), indicating moderate larvicidal activity. Phytochemical profiling by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) revealed the presence of several classes of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids,...

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in Burkina Faso, driven by widespread and inappropriate antimicrobial use. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a particular threat through community-acquired infections, which remain underreported. This study assessed MRSA prevalence and resistance patterns at the National Agency for Health Safety (ANSSEAT) in Ouagadougou. Methods: Forty-six S. aureus strains were isolated from vaginal swabs (39.97%), ear pus (34.42%), and urine samples (32.60%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar, following EUCAST-CA-SFM 2016 guidelines. Resistance rates included intermediate and resistant categories. Fisher’s exact test was used for comparative analysis. Results: Cefoxitin resistance indicated an MRSA prevalence of 8.71%. Oxacillin resistan...

Background Fish farming was introduced in Burkina Faso in the 1950s to offset declining capture fisheries and enhance food security. In Loumbila commune, aquaculture has recently expanded, but its growth is constrained by aquatic diseases. Biosecurity, essential for preventing pathogen introduction and spread, remains poorly implemented by local farmers, raising concerns for sustainability. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 23 purposively selected operators. Data were collected through questionnaires and direct observations, using KoBo Toolbox, and analyzed descriptively with Excel and SPSS version 25. Results The majority of respondents were women (52%), adults (78%), predominantly married (78%), and relatively inexperienced (65% with less than two years of practice). Although 78% had heard of biosecurity, only 11% could define it accurately...

This work concerns the design of a small hybrid photovoltaic/diesel generator power plant with battery energy storage. This system will supply electricity to the Koumnéré area, located in the South-Central region of Burkina Faso. Photovoltaic energy is obtained from a free primary energy source: solar energy. However, it is an intermittent energy source that depends on the time of day and is generally subject to weather conditions. Electricity production from diesel generators is stable, but the fuel it requires has a high cost. Furthermore, its operation is accompanied by greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, its efficiency remains average, estimated at around 45%. Therefore, we opted for a hybrid system, which offers several advantages. The energy needs assessment for the Koumnéré area was based on statistical data from the fifth General Population and Housing Census (GPHC) of Burkin...

Introduction: Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases are a growing threat to public health, especially in resource-limited countries. In Burkina Faso, the resurgence of dengue fever, associated with cases of chikungunya and measles, reflects persistent transmission and a morbidity and mortality still poorly documented in hospitals. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of these diseases at the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Center in Ouagadougou. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study with retrospective data collection conducted from January 2018 to December 2023. All patients admitted to the infectious disease department for an emerging and re-emerged viral disease are included. Data was collected using the KoBoCollect application and analyzed with STATA v16 software. Results: A total of 464 patients (73.4%) out...

Spermophagus niger L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is the main insect pest of Hibiscus sabdariffa seeds (Malvales: Malvaceae) during storage, with initial infestations occurring in the field. This study presents the first assessment of S. niger development on Hibiscus asper seeds (Malvales: Malvaceae), a wild and underutilized species widely distributed across tropical Africa and Madagascar. The aim was to evaluate its potential role in the ecological management of H. sabdariffa seed infestations. Twenty pairs of less than 24 h-old S. niger adults were individually placed in Petri dishes (9 cm diameter × 1.5 cm height), each in contact with 30 healthy H. asper seeds, under controlled conditions (32°C ± 0.1; 43 ± 1% r.h.) in total darkness. The seeds were renewed daily until the insects died. The results showed that S. niger completes its developmental cycle on H. asper seeds. However, its...