Most research exploring the factors influencing women’s decision-making power has focused on individual characteristics, particularly education, employment, or, more broadly, women’s socioeconomic status. However, some contradictory findings suggest that individual characteristics alone are insufficient to fully explain disparities in women’s empowerment. This study leverages two waves of the longitudinal Performance Monitoring for Action (PMA) panel survey (2019–2021, N = 2,119 young women followed in 163 enumeration areas) to examine the dynamics of contraceptive agency among young women in Burkina Faso. Specifically, it analyzes how contextual factors, particularly gender and fertility-related norms, are associated with contraceptive agency within a multilevel framework. Contraceptive agency comprises two key dimensions: motivation-the ability to define reproductive goals-and self-eff...

Objective: This study aimed to document the ethnobotanical applications of Bombax costatum from the Nakambe region of Burkina Faso and to evaluate toxicity, anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antioxidant properties of its hydroethanolic bark extract, along with its phytochemical composition. Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was done with 52 traditional healers. To obtain the bark extract from B. costatum, the plant material was soaked using a hydroethanolic (80%) solvent. Following Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline 423, mice were used to assess for acute oral toxicity (up to 3000 mg/kg). Behavioral tests were conducted at a dosage of 100 mg/kg, including the elevated plus maze for anxiety and the forced swim test for depression. We assessed antioxidant activity by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LPO). T...

Objective : The aim of this study is to determine the phytochemical profile, the antiquorum sensing and the antibiofilm properties of Tamarindus indica leaves and stem bark methanol extracts, as well as and its potential to enhance the effectiveness of antibiotics. Methods : The antibiofilm activity was investigated using the crystal violet method on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The ability to impact the quorum sensing system was evaluated using Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472. Synergistic effect was evaluated on penicillin and ampicillin based on diameters inhibition method. The phytochemical profile of leaves and stem bark methanol extracts was assessed by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography. Results : The extracts at a sub bactericidal dose (100 µg/ml) exhibited similar inhibition rate of approximately 36% on P. aeruginosa bi...

Inourstudy,weproposeavector-hostepidemicmodelwithfixed-timepulseinterventionsguidedby population size of susceptible humans and susceptible vectors. This approach aims to reflect the situation where public health interventions, namely, vaccination campaigns, mass treatments, insecticide spraying, or sterile mosquito releases, are generally implemented periodically rather than continuously. A saturated incidence function is used to fit the situation where the number of infective cases is getting larger with the limited medical facilities. The model incorporates a general rule of implementation of control measures such us vaccination, treatment and mosquitoes elimination. We theoretically investigate the dynamic behavior with the appearance of (𝑘 + 𝑚)𝑇 - periodic solutions. Firstly, we derive the existence and stability of the order-1 (𝑘 + 1)𝑇 - disease-free periodic solution with nonnegat...

This study examines how time delays in vaccination response, case reporting, and access to supportive care influence measles transmission during the recent outbreak in Texas, USA. We develop a delay-based compartmental model that captures both biological and operational features of measles control and calibrate it using Texas reported Measles incidence data from January 20 to May 27, 2025. Analytical and numerical results show that delays in reporting and intervention can substantially weaken outbreak control, allowing transmission to persist even in highly vaccinated populations. In contrast, timely case detection, improved vaccination uptake, and access to supportive care significantly reduce transmission and can drive the effective reproduction number below unity. These findings highlight the critical role of minimizing reporting and healthcare delays alongside sustained immunization...

Background: Entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Metarhizium are widely used as eco-friendly biocontrol agents against insect vectors, offering a cost-effective alternative to chemical insecticides. While these fungi have demonstrated potential as larvicides against malaria vectors, their impacts on mosquito life-history traits and maternal effects remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the effects of locally isolated Metarhizium pingshaense strains (S10 and S26) on survival, development, reproductive fitness, and maternal effects in Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes. Methods: We assessed the efficacy of M. pingshaense (strains S10 and S26) against both larval and adult stages of An. coluzzii. For larval assays, third-instar larvae were reared in water containing 2 × 105 conidia/mL of M. pingshaense. Adult survival, wing length, oviposition rate, and blood-feeding behavior were sub...

Introduction In the quest for peak performance and public health, the use of plant secondary metabolites to modulate exercise-induced fatigue is gaining traction. This narrative review explores the interaction between phytomolecules (polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids), redox homeostasis, and the immune system during physical exertion. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was conducted across international databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar). The analysis includes biochemical identification methods, in vivo anti-fatigue evaluation models (forced swimming, metabolic biomarkers), and human clinical trials. Results The data reveal that the efficacy of phytomolecules is based on effects that promote recovery, membrane protection, adaptogenic capacity, mental alertness, and glycogen sparing. The study highlights that these compounds increase athletes' tolerance mar...

Medicinal insects represent a valuable and still largely underexplored source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential for human health. Traditionally used in various cultural pharmacopeias, these insects are now drawing an increasing interest in pharmacological and biomedical research communities. Most medicinal insects belong to the orders Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Diptera, Blattoptera, Hymenoptera, and Coleoptera. This review highlights key insect species with therapeutic relevance, exploring their roles in traditional medicine, the bioactive compounds they produce, and their emerging applications in modern healthcare, starting with a focus on Africa continent and expanding to a global perspective. Recent pharmacological advances have enabled the isolation of compounds with anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and immunomodulatory effects, providing promising avenues for dru...

Introduction: Regional variability in secondary metabolite biosynthesis represents a critical dimension of plant chemodiversity. This study examined Acanthospermum hispidum, Vitex simplicifolia, and Vetiveria nigritana collected from three ecological zones of Burkina Faso (Centre-North, Centre, Cascades), focusing on phytochemical composition and bio activities. Methods: Qualitative profiling of phenolic acids and flavonoids was performed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The solvent system consisted of ethyl acetate/formic acid/glacial acetic acid/water (100/11/11/26). The total phenolic content of plant extracts was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The biological potential of the extracts was evaluated using three biological assays: antioxidant activities (ABTS and FR...

Based on asymmetric cryptography, Passkeys Systems are a secure authentication method that can serve as an alternative to traditional authentication methods, such as usernames and passwords. In this paper, we propose a secure approach to enhance private key synchronization mechanisms in passkeys systems. Our secure service is based on Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman protocol and Zero-Knowledge Proofs in a peer-to-peer environment. Following a critical analysis of existing works, which highlights recurrent vulnerabilities related to authentication and confidentiality, we introduce a robust architecture using mutual identity verification, secure session key generation and encrypted passkey transfer. The security of our proposed protocol is assessed through a dual approach: an informal analysis based on potential attack modeling, and a formal validation using ProVerif and Scyther tools. The r...